Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a condition in which the kidneys are damaged and are unable to function properly. The kidneys are responsible for filtering waste and excess fluids from the blood and regulating various bodily functions. When the kidneys are not functioning properly, waste and fluids can build up in the body, leading to a range of health problems.
There are many causes of CKD, including the following:
1. Diabetes
Diabetes is a leading cause of CKD. High blood sugar levels can damage the blood vessels in the kidneys, leading to decreased function.
2. High blood pressure
High blood pressure can damage the blood vessels in the kidneys, leading to decreased function.
3. Glomerulonephritis
Glomerulonephritis is a group of kidney diseases that cause inflammation and damage to the glomeruli, which are tiny filters in the kidneys. This can lead to decreased kidney function.
4. Polycystic kidney disease
Polycystic kidney disease is an inherited disorder in which fluid-filled cysts form in the kidneys, leading to damage and decreased function.
5. Kidney infections
Kidney infections, also known as pyelonephritis, can cause damage to the kidneys and lead to decreased function.
6. Obstructions in the urinary tract
Obstructions in the urinary tract, such as kidney stones or an enlarged prostate, can cause damage to the kidneys and lead to decreased function.
7. Chronic viral infections
Chronic viral infections, such as HIV and hepatitis B and C, can cause damage to the kidneys and lead to decreased function.
8. Certain medications
Some medications, such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and certain antibiotics, can cause kidney damage and lead to decreased function.
9. Exposure to toxins
Exposure to certain toxins, such as lead or mercury, can cause kidney damage and lead to decreased function.
10. Age
As we age, our kidneys can become less efficient at filtering waste and excess fluids, which can lead to CKD.
It’s important to note that CKD is often a slow and progressive disease, and it may not cause symptoms until significant damage has occurred. This is why it’s important to get regular check-ups and screenings, especially if you are at risk for developing CKD due to factors such as diabetes or high blood pressure. Early detection and treatment of CKD can help slow the progression of the disease and prevent further damage to the kidneys.
